Ngaphansi kwegwebu eligobhozayo lobhiya we-amber kukhona ingcebo yesitshalo engabhekwa njengebalulekile. Kusukela ngekhulu lesi-9 AD, yayisetshenziswa njengesivikelo semvelo ngabakhi bobhiya baseYurophu. Namuhla, isibe yinto eluhlaza ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphekeni ubhiya ngokubaba kwayo okuyingqayizivele kanye nephunga layo eliyingqayizivele. Lolu hlobo lwesitshalo luyi-hops.
1. Ama-Hops: Isikhali somlingo sokwenza ubhiya
I-Hop (Humulus lupulus), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-snake hop, iyisitshalo esikhula njalo somndeni wakwaCannabaceae futhi singakhula sibe ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-7. Inezimbali ezinde ezijiyile, ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-cone ngokwezitshalo futhi zakhiwe ngamacembe e-resin athambile, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Uma sezivuthiwe, ama-cone ama-hop ambozwe yizindlala ze-anthocyanin ezikhipha i-resin namafutha abalulekile, okudala ukunambitheka okuyingqayizivele kanye nephunga lohlobo lwe-hop. Ama-hop cone avame ukukhethwa ekupheleni kuka-Agasti noma ngoSepthemba.
Ama-hops abelokhu esetshenziswa njengekhambi lokwelapha kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo zaseGibhithe. Ezikhathini zamaRoma, ama-hops ayesetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa izifo zesibindi kanye nezinkinga zesistimu yokugaya ukudla. Kusukela ngekhulu le-13, ama-hops abebhekwa njengomuthi omuhle wokuthuthukisa izifo zomkhuhlane kanye ne-spleen esifundeni sama-Arabhu.
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-hops ebhiyani kungalandelelwa emuva eYurophu ngekhulu lesi-9 AD. Ekuqaleni, ayengezwa ebhiyani ngenxa yezakhiwo zawo zokugcina ukudla ukuze kwandiswe isikhathi sokuphila. Phakathi neNkathi Ephakathi, abenzi bobhiya ezindlini zezindela zaseJalimane bathola ukuthi ingalinganisa ubumnandi be-malt, inike ubhiya ubumuncu obuqabulayo kanye nephunga elimnandi, ngaleyo ndlela yasungula indawo yayo eyinhloko ekwenzeni ubhiya. Namuhla, cishe ama-hops atshaliwe angama-98% asetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yokwenza ubhiya, kanti i-United States ingumkhiqizi omkhulu wama-hops emhlabeni.
2. Akukhona nje kuphela ekwenzeni ubhiya, ama-hops anemiphumela eminingi enenzuzo
Ama-hop, anomunyu wawo oyingqayizivele kanye nephunga lawo, asephenduke izinto zokusetshenziswa ezibalulekile ekwenzeni ubhiya. Kodwa-ke, inani lawo lidlula kakhulu lokhu.
Ucwaningo lwanamuhla luthole ukuthi ama-hops aqukethe ama-α-acid (ikakhulukazi i-humulone) kanye nama-β-acid (ikakhulukazi i-humulone), ama-flavonols (i-quercetin kanye ne-kaempferol), amafutha e-flavonoid 3-oils (ikakhulukazi ama-catechins, ama-epicatechins kanye nama-proanthocyanidins), ama-phenolic acid (i-ferulic acid), kanye nenani elincane lama-isoprene flavonoids (i-fulvic acid). Phakathi kwawo, ama-alpha acid kanye nama-beta acids yiwona mthombo oyinhloko wokubaba kwama-hops.
Ukuphumula kanye nosizo lokulala: I-Humulone kuma-hops ingabopha kuma-GABA receptors, inciphise ukukhathazeka futhi ikhuthaze ubuthongo. I-GABA kuma-hops ingandisa umsebenzi we-neurotransmitter GABA, ngaleyo ndlela ivimbele uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi. Ukuhlolwa kwemodeli yesilwane kukhombisa ukuthi ukuhlushwa kwe-hop extract engama-milligram angu-2 kunganciphisa ngempumelelo umsebenzi wasebusuku ku-circadian rhythm. Ekuphetheni, umphumela wokudambisa wama-hops uqondiswa umsebenzi othuthukisiwe wama-GABA receptors, abangela ukudluliselwa kwe-synaptic okusheshayo ebuchosheni. Njengamanje, abantu bavame ukuhlanganisa ama-hops ne-valerian ukwenza itiye elizolisayo.
Imiphumela yokulwa nokuvuvukala kanye ne-antioxidant: Ama-hops aqukethe ama-biomolecule anamandla aphezulu okulwa nokuvuvukala njenge-flavonols, i-rutin (quercetin-3-rutin glycoside), kanye ne-astragaloside (kanophenol-3-glucoside), okungavimbela ngempumelelo umonakalo ovela ezinhlotsheni ze-oxygen ezisebenzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-xanthol kuma-hops ingasusa ama-free radicals, ivimbele indlela ye-NF-κB, futhi inciphise ukuvuvukala okungapheli (njenge-arthritis).
Ilwa namagciwane: Kusukela eGibhithe lasendulo, ama-hops abelokhu esetshenziswa ukulondoloza ukudla. I-α-acid ebabayo kanye ne-β-acid kuma-hops zinomsebenzi wokulwa namagciwane futhi zingavimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane ahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa i-Staphylococcus aureus, i-Enterococcus faecalis, i-Staphylococcus epidermococcus, i-Streptococcus mutans kanye namagciwane e-Gram-positive. Lesi futhi esinye sezizathu ezenza ukuthi ubhiya ube uphephile kakhulu kunamanzi okuphuza. Ngaphezu kokuwunika izakhiwo zokulwa namagciwane, i-alpha-acid nayo iyasiza ekugcineni ukuqina kwe-foam kabhiya.
Ukusekela impilo yabesifazane: I-Hop isoprenylnaringin (etholakala ku-fulminol kanye nemikhiqizo yayo) inganciphisa ukwehla kwamazinga angu-17-β -estradiol ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Amalungiselelo e-Hop aqukethe i-8-isoprenylnaringin, okungenye yama-phytoestrogen anamandla aziwa embusweni wezitshalo. Amalungiselelo e-Hop angasetshenziswa njengesithasiselo semvelo sama-phytoestrogen ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane ukuze kuncishiswe ukushisa, ukuqwasha kanye nokushintshashintsha kwemizwelo. Ucwaningo oluhilela abesifazane abangu-63 lubonise ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamalungiselelo e-hop kunganciphisa izimpawu ze-vasomotor ezihlobene nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kanye nokushisa komzimba.
Ukuvikela izinzwa: Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi ama-hop terpenes angangena esivimbelweni segazi nobuchopho, avikele izinzwa, ahlinzeke ngokuvikelwa kokulwa nokuvuvukala kobuchopho, futhi anciphise ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative. Olunye ucwaningo luthole ukuthi i-hop isoalphaic acid ingathuthukisa inkumbulo encike ku-hippocampal kanye nemisebenzi yokuqonda ehlobene ne-prefrontal cortex ngokusebenzisa ukudluliselwa kwe-dopamine neural. I-asidi ebabayo kuma-hops ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kwenkumbulo ngendlela eqondiswa yi-norepinephrine neurotransmission. I-hop isoalphaic acid inganciphisa ukuvuvukala kwe-neuroinflammation kanye nokukhubazeka kokuqonda kumamodeli ahlukahlukene esifo se-rodent neurodegenerative, kufaka phakathi isifo se-Alzheimer's.
3. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-hops
Idatha kaMordor ikhombisa ukuthi usayizi wemakethe ye-hop kulinganiselwa ukuthi ungaba yizigidigidi ezingu-9.18 zamaRandi aseMelika ngo-2025 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ufinyelele kuzigidigidi ezingu-12.69 zamaRandi aseMelika ngo-2030, ngesilinganiso sokukhula saminyaka yonke esingu-6.70% ngesikhathi sokubikezela (2025-2030). Iqhutshwa ukukhula kokusetshenziswa kobhiya, ukuthambekela kobhiya bezandla kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo ezintsha ze-hop, imakethe ye-hop kulindeleke ukuthi iqhubeke nokukhula.
Impilo ye-Justgood
Ukugxumai-capsule yemifinouqalisiwe. Lo mkhiqizo unomphumela wokudambisa futhi uyasiza ekulaleni.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-24-2025