Ingabe zonke izinhlobo zotshwala ezishukela zikunikeza isifo sohudo?
Ingabe zonke izinhlobo zezinto ezithatha indawo kashukela ezifakwe ekudleni ziphilile?
Namuhla sizokhuluma ngakho. Kuyini ngempela i-sugar alcohol? Ama-sugar alcohols angama-polyol ngokuvamile enziwa ngoshukela ohlukahlukene ohambisanayo. Isibonelo, ukunciphisa i-xylose yi-xylitol ejwayelekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, utshwala obushukela obusathuthukiswa njengamanje bumi kanje:
I-glucose → i-sorbitol fructose → i-mannitol lactose → i-Lactitol glucose → i-erythritol sucrose → isomaltol
I-Sorbitol Utshwala bukashukela manje selungenye yezithako zokudla ezivamile. Kungani lufakwa ekudleni? Ngoba lunezinzuzo eziningi.
Okokuqala, ukuzinza kwama-sugar alcohols ekushiseni kwe-asidi kuhle, futhi ukusabela kwe-Maillard akulula kangako ukwenzeka ekushiseni, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile akubangeli ukulahlekelwa izakhamzimba kanye nokukhiqizwa kanye nokuqongelela kwama-carcinogen. Okwesibili, ama-sugar alcohols awasetshenziswa yizinto ezincane emlonyeni wethu, okunciphisa inani le-pH emlonyeni, ngakho-ke awadli amazinyo;
Ngaphezu kwalokho, utshwala obushukela ngeke bukhulise inani likashukela egazini lomzimba womuntu, kodwa futhi buzohlinzeka ngamakhalori athile, ngakho-ke bungasetshenziswa njengesithako sokudla okunempilo kubantu abanesifo sikashukela.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokudla okulula kwe-xylitol kanye nama-dessert emakethe. Ngakho-ke ungabona ukuthi kungani utshwala obushukela buyinto yakudala "isithasiselo sokudla esisebenzayo"? Phela, ayinamnandi kakhulu, ayinazo izithako zokudla okunempilo, ayibangeli ukubola kwamazinyo, ayithinti inani likashukela egazini, kanye nokuqina kokushisa okuphezulu.
Yiqiniso, ama-sugar alcohols amahle, kodwa ungabi nobugovu - ama-sugar alcohols amaningi avame ukuba yisicanucanu uma ethathwa ngamanani amakhulu.
I-Maltitol idla uhudo oluningi, yisiphi isimiso?
Ngaphambi kokuchaza lesi simiso, ake siqale sibheke imiphumela yokuhlanza yeziphuzo eziningana ezivamile (ezisetshenziswa njalo) zikashukela.
| Utshwala obushukela | Ubumnandi(i-sucrose = 100) | Umphumela wohudo |
| I-Xylitol | 90-100 | ++ |
| I-Sorbitol | 50-60 | ++ |
| I-Mannitol | 50-60 | +++ |
| I-Maltitol | 80-90 | ++ |
| I-Lactitol | 30-40 | + |
Umthombo wolwazi: Salminen and Hallikainen (2001). Amaswidi, Izithasiselo Zokudla.Ⅱnd Edition.
Uma udla ama-sugar alcohols, awahlukaniswa yi-pepsin, kodwa aya ngqo emathunjini. Ama-sugar alcohols amaningi amuncwa kancane emathunjini, okudala ingcindezi ephezulu ye-osmotic, okubangela ingcindezi ye-osmotic yokuqukethwe kwamathumbu ukuthi ikhuphuke, bese amanzi e-mucosal odongeni lwamathumbu angena emgodini wamathumbu, bese uba senkingeni.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngemva kokuba ushukela ungena emathunjini amakhulu, uzovutshelwa ngamagciwane amathumbu ukuze akhiqize igesi, ngakho-ke isisu sizoba ne-flatulence. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke ushukela udala uhudo kanye negesi.
Isibonelo, i-erythritol, okuwukuphela kotshwala lukashukela olungenamakhalori, inesisindo esincane sama-molecule futhi kulula ukuyimunca, futhi inani elincane kuphela layo lingena emathunjini amakhulu ukuze livutshelwe yizinto ezincane. Umzimba womuntu nawo ubekezelela kakhulu i-erythritol, u-80% we-erythritol egazini lomuntu, awuguqulwanga ngama-enzyme, awunikezi amandla emzimbeni, awuhlanganyeli ekugayweni kukashukela, ungakhishwa kuphela ngomchamo, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile akubangeli uhudo kanye nokucasha.
Umzimba womuntu unokubekezelela okuphezulu kwe-isomaltol, futhi ukudla okungu-50g nsuku zonke ngeke kubangele ukungakhululeki kwesisu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-isomaltol futhi iyisici esihle kakhulu sokwanda kwe-bifidobacterium, esingakhuthaza ukukhula nokuzalela kwe-bifidobacterium, silondoloze ibhalansi ye-microecological yendlela yamathumbu, futhi sikhuthaza impilo.
Ngamafuphi, izimbangela eziyinhloko zohudo kanye nokuqunjelwa okubangelwa ushukela utshwala yilezi: okokuqala, alugaywa ngama-enzyme abantu kodwa lusetshenziswa yizitshalo zamathumbu; Esinye ukubekezelela komzimba okuphansi kwalo.
Uma ukhetha i-erythritol kanye ne-isomaltol ekudleni, noma uthuthukisa ifomula ukuze wandise ukubekezelelana komzimba noshukela, unganciphisa kakhulu imiphumela emibi yoshukela.
Yini enye engasetshenziswa esikhundleni sikashukela? Ingabe kuphephile ngempela?
Abantu abaningi bathanda ukudla okumnandi, kodwa ubumnandi busilethela injabulo ngesikhathi esifanayo, buphinde bulethe ukukhuluphala, ukubola kwamazinyo kanye nesifo senhliziyo. Ngakho-ke ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezimbili zokunambitha nempilo, kwazalwa indawo kashukela.
Izithasiselo zikashukela ziyiqembu lamakhemikhali enza ukudla kube mnandi futhi kube namakhalori aphansi. Ngaphezu kwama-alcohol kashukela, kunezinye izinhlobo zezithasiselo zikashukela, njenge-licorice, i-stevia, i-monkfruit glycoside, i-soma sweet nezinye izithasiselo zikashukela zemvelo; kanye ne-saccharin, i-acesulfameae, i-aspartame, i-sucralose, i-cyclamate nezinye izithasiselo zikashukela zokwenziwa. Iziphuzo eziningi emakethe zibhalwe ngokuthi "akukho shukela, ushukela ongekho", eziningi empeleni zisho ukuthi "akukho sucrose, akukho fructose", futhi ngokuvamile zengeza izithasiselo (izithasiselo zikashukela) ukuqinisekisa ubumnandi. Isibonelo, uhlobo olulodwa lwe-soda luqukethe i-erythritol ne-sucralose.
Esikhathini esithile esidlule, umqondo wokuthi "akukho ushukela"futhi"ushukela ongekho" kubangele ingxoxo ebanzi kwi-inthanethi, futhi abantu abaningi bangabaza ukuphepha kwayo.
Ukubeka kanjani? Ubudlelwano phakathi kwezinto ezithatha indawo kashukela nempilo buyinkimbinkimbi. Okokuqala, izinto ezithatha indawo kashukela zemvelo zinomthelela omuhle empilweni yabantu. Njengamanje, ubunzima obukhulu busezindleleni zazo zokukhiqiza kanye nokutholakala kwezinsiza zemvelo.
I-Momordica iqukethe ushukela wemvelo "i-Momordica glucoside". Izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi i-momoside ingathuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-glucose namafutha, yandise ukuzwela kwe-insulin, okulindeleke ukuthi kuthuthukise isifo sikashukela. Ngeshwa, lezi zindlela zokusebenza azikacaci. Ezinye izifundo zesayensi zikhombisile ukuthi izinto ezithatha indawo kashukela ezenziwe ngama-zero-calorie zinganciphisa inani lamagciwane awusizo emathunjini futhi ziholele ezinkingeni zezitshalo zamathumbu, okwandisa ingozi yokungabekezelelani kwe-glucose. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezinye izinto ezithatha indawo kashukela (ikakhulukazi izinto ezithatha indawo kashukela ezinama-calorie aphansi), njenge-isomaltol ne-lactitol, zingadlala indima enhle ngokwandisa inani kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezitshalo zamathumbu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-xylitol inomphumela wokuvimbela ama-enzyme okugaya ukudla njenge-alpha-glucosidase. I-Neohesperidin inezakhiwo ezithile zokulwa ne-antioxidant. Ingxube ye-saccharin ne-neohesperidin ithuthukisa futhi ikhulise amagciwane anenzuzo. I-Stevioside inomsebenzi wokukhuthaza i-insulin, ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi kanye nokugcina i-glucose homeostasis. Ngokuvamile, ukudla okuningi esikubonayo okunoshukela owengeziwe, njengoba kungavunyelwa emakethe, asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka kakhulu ngokuphepha kwakho.
Bheka nje uhlu lwezithako uma uthenga le mikhiqizo bese uyidla ngokulinganisela.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba 17-2024