I-Niacin

I-Niacin, noma i-vitamin B3, ingenye yamavithamini abalulekile e-B-complex ancibilika emanzini adingwa ngumzimba ukuze uguqule ukudla kube amandla. Wonke amavithamini namaminerali abalulekile empilweni enhle, kodwa i-niacin ilungele kakhulu izinhlelo zezinzwa nezokugaya ukudla. Ake sibheke ngokujulile ukuze siqonde kangcono izinzuzo ze-niacin nemiphumela yayo emibi.

I-Niacin ikhona ngokwemvelo ekudleni okuningi futhi itholakala njengesengezo kanye nefomu likadokotela, ngakho-ke kulula ukuthola i-niacin eyanele futhi uthole izinzuzo zayo zempilo. Izicubu emzimbeni ziguqula i-niacin ibe yi-coenzyme esebenzisekayo ebizwa ngokuthi i-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), esetshenziswa ama-enzyme angaphezu kuka-400 emzimbeni ukwenza imisebenzi ebalulekile.

Nakuba ukuntuleka kwe-niacin kungavamile kubantu base-United States, kungaba kubi kakhulu futhi kubangele isifo esijwayelekile esibizwa ngokuthi i-pellagra. Amacala amancane e-pellagra angabangela isifo sohudo kanye ne-dermatitis, kanti amacala amakhulu kakhulu angabangela i-dementia futhi abulale ngisho nokufa.

I-Pellagra ivame kakhulu kubantu abadala abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-20 no-50 ubudala, kodwa ingagwenywa ngokudla i-niacin enconywayo. I-RDA yabantu abadala ye-niacin ingu-14 kuya ku-16 mg ngosuku. I-Niacin itholakala kalula ekudleni okufana nenhlanzi, inkukhu, inyama yenkomo, i-turkey, izithelo nemifino. I-Niacin ingenziwa futhi emzimbeni nge-amino acid tryptophan. Le amino acid itholakala ekudleni okufana nenkukhu, i-turkey, amantongomane, imbewu kanye nemikhiqizo yesoya.

I-Niacin itholakala futhi kuma-multivitamin amaningi athengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela njengesithasiselo sokudla. Ama-multivitamini e-Nature Made kanye ne-Centrum yabantu abadala aqukethe ama-20 mg e-niacin ngethebhulethi ngayinye, okungaba ngu-125% we-RDA yabantu abadala. I-Nicotinic acid kanye ne-nicotinamide kuyizinhlobo ezimbili zezithasiselo ze-niacin. Izithasiselo ze-niacin ezithengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela zitholakala ngamandla ahlukahlukene (50 mg, 100 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg) aphezulu kune-RDA. Izinhlobo ze-niacin ezinikezwa ngodokotela zifaka amagama emikhiqizo afana ne-Niaspan (ukukhululwa okunwetshiwe) kanye ne-Niacor (ukukhululwa okusheshayo) futhi zitholakala ngamandla afinyelela ku-1,000 mg. I-Niacin ingatholakala ekwakhiweni kokukhululwa okunwetshiwe ukuze kuncishiswe eminye imiphumela emibi.

Ngezinye izikhathi i-niacin inikezwa kanye nemithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol efana nama-statins ukusiza ukwenza amazinga e-lipid egazini abe ngokwejwayelekile.

Obunye ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi i-niacin ilungele abantu abasengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nesifo senhliziyo ngoba ayigcini nje ngokwehlisa i-LDL cholesterol kodwa futhi ne-triglycerides. I-Niacin inganciphisa amazinga e-triglyceride ngo-20% kuya ku-50%.